Alvin Botes
April marks the 31st Anniversary of our cherished democracy—a month we recognize as Heroes and Freedom month.
It is a poignant time to reflect deeply on how far we have progressed as a democracy vis-à-vis the sacrifices of those whose lives were tragically cut short in their unwavering pursuit of freedom and justice.
We honour Solomon Mahlangu, executed by the Apartheid regime on 6 April 1979; Chris Hani, assassinated by a far-right extremist on 10 April 1993; President Oliver Reginald Tambo, who passed away on 24 April 1993; and Winnie Madikizela-Mandela, the mother of our nation, who left us on 2 April 2018.
Their lives remain enduring beacons guiding our nation’s commitment to amongst others, non-racialism, non-sexist democracy, human rights, social justice and international solidarity.
Globally, the geopolitical landscape is rapidly evolving marked by global competition, shifting alliances, and unprecedented uncertainty, South Africa finds itself at a critical crossroads.
The global order we once relied upon is transforming, bringing significant challenges and compelling opportunities. Our nation must proactively navigate this turbulence, strategically positioning itself to safeguard national interests, foster regional stability, and influence the international order in a manner beneficial to all South Africans, Africans and the broader Global South.
Today's global dynamics are heavily influenced by the resurgence of right-wing nationalism and ethno-culturalism. Fuelled by economic anxieties and cultural insecurities, nations increasingly adopt protectionist policies, prioritizing narrow domestic interests over collaborative multilateralism.
This trend threatens global cooperation in crucial areas like trade, climate action, arms control, and public health. Domestically the body of evidence indicates that we are not immune to these challenges which are being fuelled by many opposition parties and civil society organisations.
South Africa, with our unique historical legacy of apartheid and our diverse cultural fabric, cannot ignore the domestic and international repercussions of rising ethnocentrism, racism and economic nationalism. Such ideologies deepen societal fractures and erode the principles of unity and reconciliation that underpin our democracy.
Addressing these divisions is essential not only to internal unity, cohesion and stability but also to maintaining our global reputation as a nation committed to the principles of inclusivity, diversity, equality, solidarity, non-racialism and non-sexism.
As we approach Freedom Day on 27 April, we are reminded of the vital role international solidarity played in achieving our democracy. Global support, from the Anti-Apartheid Movement included ensuring sanctions against Apartheid South Africa, resource support and military support to the liberation movements, which was indispensable in our struggle for freedom.
This historical lesson underscores the ongoing importance of international cooperation and solidarity as South Africa continues to navigate today's complex geopolitical landscape.
Another defining aspect of our current era is technological advancement—a double-edged sword that simultaneously promises economic growth and deepens existing inequalities. The rise of digital monopolies and hyper-globalisation often benefits a privileged few, exacerbating job insecurity and economic disparities.
In South Africa, where industries such as mining and agriculture form economic cornerstones, automation and artificial intelligence threaten traditional employment.
The digital divide, particularly in rural areas lacking internet access and digital literacy, risks widening economic inequality further. Our response must include robust investments in education and skill development to ensure equitable participation in a digitized economy.
Security remains an enduring priority, intricately linked with development. Across Africa, conflicts from the Sahel to the eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) and the Horn of Africa demonstrate that military solutions alone cannot resolve complex political and economic crises.
Our position on these conflicts both continentally and globally remains rooted in our historical principles, which include, Pan Africanism, respect for Human Rights and International Law, International Solidarity, and the peaceful resolution of conflict and non-alignment.
South Africa's peacekeeping initiatives, such as our contributions in the eastern DRC, underscore our commitment to regional stability. Yet, the tragic loss of fourteen soldiers earlier this year reminds us of the significant risks involved.
Strengthening our defence capabilities and ensuring adequate support for peacekeeping operations is paramount. Furthermore, we must advocate for comprehensive solutions that address the root causes of instability—poverty, governance deficiencies, and transnational crime.
The ripple effects of international conflicts also directly impact South Africa. The ongoing war in Ukraine has disrupted global energy prices and supply chains, reaffirming the importance of our non-aligned stance, and emphasizing dialogue over confrontation.
South Africa's principled decision to bring Israel to the International Court of Justice (ICJ) over the genocide in Gaza exemplifies our unwavering commitment to international law and human rights. Despite pressure to withdraw, this stance symbolizes our broader struggle for justice and accountability within a fractured global system.
Navigating these geopolitical challenges demands a strategic approach anchored in principled multilateral engagement.
South Africa's foreign policy, guided by progressive internationalism, positions us effectively within global platforms such as BRICS, the G20, and the United Nations. Our membership in BRICS, bolstered by institutions like the New Development Bank, empowers South Africa economically and politically, offering alternatives to traditional Western-dominated financial systems.
However, maintaining strategic autonomy requires diversifying our international partnerships beyond any singular bloc.
Holding the G20 Presidency provides South Africa with an unprecedented opportunity to champion the interests of the Global South and mediate international divisions. Under the theme "Solidarity, Equality, Sustainability," we can leverage our role to advocate for equitable trade reforms, revitalizing institutions like the World Trade Organization, and driving actionable solutions to global crises.
Our presidency should serve as a platform for innovation and consensus-building in an increasingly fragmented world.
Climate change presents another pressing concern demanding urgent action. South Africa's just energy transition, focused on integrating renewable energy sources such as wind, solar, and hydrogen, represents not merely environmental stewardship but economic revitalization. Transitioning to a low-carbon economy can stimulate job creation, technological innovation, and sustainable and inclusive growth, addressing both environmental and socio-economic imperatives.
Strengthening diplomatic ties, particularly with the European Union, remains vital for fostering economic resilience amid shifting global dynamics.
Recent high-level engagements with the EU underscore South Africa's growing diplomatic influence, enhancing our role as regional and global leaders committed to sustainable development and multilateral cooperation.
Finally, accelerating Africa's broader development through strategic advocacy within multilateral institutions, including the African Union and the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA), is essential.
By addressing structural barriers to economic growth, mobilizing investments in infrastructure, and promoting diversified industrialization, South Africa can lead a continental renaissance grounded in economic resilience, regional integration, and sustainable development.
As we commemorate Heroes Month and navigate the complexities of current geopolitics, strategic patience, prudence, and foresight will be paramount. South Africans have historically proven our capacity for resilience and innovation.
We recall the brutal assassination of Chris Hani which brought our nation to the brink of civil war. Yet through unity of purpose and courage, we transformed this tragedy into a peaceful democratic transition one year later.
Today, more than ever, we must again harness this strength to steer our nation confidently through global uncertainties. Let us recall the words of OR Tambo when he said “ Even at the most difficult of times our people never surrendered.”
Together, we can honour the legacy of our heroes by safeguarding our democracy, protecting our sovereignty, advancing global justice and ensuring a prosperous future for generations to come.
Let us not make the dying words of our brave young lion and freedom fighter Soloman Mahlangu meaningless when he said just before he was executed “ ... My blood will nourish the tree that will bear the fruits of freedom. ‘’
* Alvin Botes is the Deputy Minister of International Relations and Co-operation and a member of the ANC's NEC and its Subcommittee on International Relations. He writes in his personal capacity.
** The views expressed do not necessarily reflect the views of IOL or Independent Media.